Context

Understanding crime statistics is a pivotal step in tackling societal challenges in South Africa. In the past decade, various districts in Gauteng province have witnessed diverse crime rates, prompting policymakers to delve into the data for effective crime prevention strategies. The government's proactive stance involves analysing crime rate trends across different districts in Gauteng province from 2013 to 2023, identifying high-crime areas, and devising targeted interventions to curb crime.

The question is how crime rates have fluctuated over the years in different districts of Gauteng province and what factors may contribute to these changes. Crime rates are measured as the number of reported crimes per district yearly.

To answer this question, districts within Gauteng province were selected for analysis, including Johannesburg, West Rand, Tshwane, and Ekurhuleni. Data from official crime reports and law enforcement agencies were used

1. Explain the meaning and importance of a representative sample in this context. [2]
2. Distinguish between stratified sampling and judgement sampling. [4]

1.1.9 Differentiate between an observation and surveys as data collection tools. [3]

[3]