Costs associated with the

manufacture of miniature high-

sensitivity piezoresistive

pressure transducers is $79,000 per

year. A clever industrial engineer

found that by spending $18,000

now to reconfigure the production

line and reprogram two of the

robotic arms, the cost will go down

to $50,000 next year and $55,000

in years 2 through 5. Using an

interest rate of 10% per year,

determine the present worth of the

savings due to the reconfiguration.

The present worth of the savings is

determined to be $???.