Country: Philippines

1.A sold to B a parcel of land for P30,000. The sale is evidenced by a memorandum of agreement of sale written in Cebuano dialect. One week later, A sold the same parcel of land to C for P40,000 which was evidenced by a formal deed of sale. Upon buying the property, C, who was aware of the first sale, immediately took possession of the land and registered the deed of sale in her favor with the Register of Deeds. When informed of the second sale, B subsequently registered an adverse claim to the property. To whom shall the parcel of land belong? Give reason/s.

2. On June 10, 2019, S sold to B a specific car which S acquired from a friend last June 1, 2019. On August 10, 2019, the car was totally destroyed which was traced to a crack in the engine block. S was not aware of the defect. Is S, the seller, liable to B? Give reason/s.

3. Knowing that the car had a hidden crack in the engine, X sold it to Y without informing the latter about it. In any event, the deed of sale expressly stipulated that X was not liable for hidden defects. Does Y have the right to demand from X a reimbursement of what he spent to repair the engine plus damages? Give reason/s.