Course: Tour packaging and operations Overland tours can be long road trips using vehicles that can be relied on usually for a maximum number of 20 passengers, often termed expedition tours. The main goal of these tours, especially in Brazil that has many small towns, is to cover large distances using road routes rather than flights, often visiting places with poor infrastructure. For example, 20-day trip from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul via Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Santa Catarina, or a Central American overland trip starting in Panama, Costa Rica and finishing in Guatemala taking 25 days. The majority of these overland tours use tented camping, local hostels in Brazil that are called Pousada for accommodation. The quality of Pousada will vary due to the remoteness of the stopping point. Food is usually cooked on equipment carried on board. Packages offered include breakfast and an evening meal, with lunch typically being bought along the way. Specialist expedition vehicles are used in Brazil depending on the types of roads encountered. These vehicles are basic but comfortable and are equipped for mechanical breakdown (e.g. toolkits and spares) or getting stuck (e.g. sand mats, ropes, shovels and pickaxes). In addition, they can carry large amounts of water, be equipped with cooking facilities, solar showers and toilet tents. The basic requirements to organise these types of tours is to have two expedition leaders/drivers who are trained as mechanics, as well as cooks. These leaders are not guides but will be knowledgeable about the routes and attractions. Passengers are informed about the importnce of working together as part of a team, including daily shopping, cooking, cleaning and disposing of rubbish. Other jobs such as buying water in Brazil, storing food, and loading luggage are allocated on a rotation basis to team members. A great knowledge of the country's physical and cultual landscape is required to operate effectively, and in Brazil, an ability to communicate in Portuguese is important as well. Each region in Brazil needs to be studied. 1) What are the difficulties in organizing and operating overland trips in your chosen state or city in Brazil? Use at least two examples to defend your answer. 2) What type of passenger would purchase such expeditions in Brazil, considering the specifics of our state or citv in Brazil. such as. climate. culture. size, or socioeconomic conditions?