___________________creates a situation where people are motivated to reduce or avoid psychological inconsistencies, often to promote a positive self-image.

the three key heuristics are _______________ , _______________ , _______________

_______________ allow one to optimally update probabilities based on the arrival of new information

___________________ when people think that they have more control over an event than objectively can be true.

__________________ the tendency for people to attribute success to their own abilities while blaming failures on circumstances beyond their control, which lead to an increase in __________________

__________________ the tendency to search out evidence consistent with ones prior beliefs and to ignore conflicting data.

option

Availability Positive theory Anchoring Allais paradox Reference point Bayes ' rule Value function Rational preferences

Normative theory Strong Cognitive dissonance Maximize utility Illusion of control Weight function Self attribution bias

Maximize profit

Overconfidence

Representativeness Data scopine Independent decision Noise trader risk Confirmation bias