• Critically assess the distinction between hubristic leadership and narcissistic leadership. How do these two forms of leadership differ in terms of their duration and impact on organizational dynamics?
• Evaluate the characteristics of narcissistic leaders as outlined in the American Psychological Association (APA) definition. How do these traits, such as a grandiose sense of self-importance, lack of empathy, and interpersonal exploitativeness, contribute to the potential for unethical behavior?
• Reflect on the findings of the controlled study that linked high narcissism scores with unethical behavior in managers. What methodological considerations should be taken into account when interpreting such research, and how might the study's results influence our understanding of leadership dynamics?
• Please include citation.