Cullumber Corp. incurred the following costs during 2023 in connection with its research and development phase activities: Cost of equipment acquired for use in research and development projects over the next 5 years (straight-line depreciation used) Materials consumed in research projects Materials consumed in the development of a product committed for manufacturing in the first quarter of 2024 Consulting fees paid in the last quarter of 2023 to outsiders for research and development projects, including $4,100 for advice relat Personnel costs for research and development projects Indirect costs reasonably allocated to research and development projects General borrowing costs on the company's line of credit Training costs for a new customer service software program (a) Calculate the amount to be reported as research and development expense by Cullumber on its income statement for 2023. Assume the equipment is purchased at the beginning of the year. Assume the company follows IFRS for financial reporting purposes. Amount to be reported as research and development expense