Culture can greatly impact IS development and utilization in organizations. In the FBI's case, a deeply rooted culture emphasizing hierarchy, risk aversion, and resistance to change hindered the adoption of the Virtual Case File system. Strong leadership and a culture promoting openness to technological advancements are essential to overcoming such barriers. Moreover, an organization's ethical culture shapes how it handles data, especially in sensitive sectors like law enforcement. Effective IS implementation requires understanding and addressing these cultural factors to drive successful digital transformations