D Question 3 4 pts The Whoville ministry of prisons is testing a new program to reduce the recidivism rate the percentage of Whos who return to prison within two years of their release. The program is voluntary and available to Who-prisoners during their last 3 months of incarceration. It includes a strict regimen of daily exercise. a diet limited to bland oatmeal and green olives, and repeated lectures on the benets of red marbles (with weekly quizzes). Two years into the program, the ministry releases some preliminary data: I The recidivism rate for Who-prisoners who complete the program is 23%. I The recidivism rate for all other Who-prisoners i5 35%. (a) (1 pts) is this a controlled experiment or an observational study? Justify your answer briey. (b) (1 pt) Does the study have treatment and control groups? If so, what are they? (c) (2 pts) A ministry spokesman claims that the preliminary data shows that the recidivism reduction program is working. Do you agree or disagree ~ justify your answer briey. 12ptv ParagraphV B I g Av av Tzv 09v .v E'v @v (3,)