Data Analysis Methods RMH4036-n Quantitative Assessment Submission Deadline 12/5/2022 PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING: No max wordcount but answers should be in the style of a report/journal article and therefore you should be as succinct as possible. Answer all 4 questions. Justify your decisions throughout using relevant references. Provide SPSS output in the appendices (except graphs which can be placed in the body of your report) so that benefit can be given if you have the correct methods. Please do not share/discuss your work with any other student this could be classed as collusion and result in an academic misconduct hearing. Turnitin will be used to assess similarity. Upload your report (saved as one Word document) and the dataset you used to BB via the Turnitin Link. Note that tutors cannot answer questions about this analysis as it is classed as an exam. 1.Scenario You are a sports and exercise researcher. You are interested in better understanding the effects of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT; a form of cardiovascular exercise, aimed to improve athletic capacity, condition and fat burning). Some of the literature states that HIIT is not an effective means of exercise, while others comment that it is highly effective; however, these effects seem to be dependent on gender. Aims: You have recruited a number of participants and prescribed an 8-week HIIT programme. Having completed the 8-week programme you want to see if there is an effect in terms of

• Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE; a self-assessment scale to rate breathlessness and

fatigue during exercise, scored along a 100mm line) and

• 100m sprint time

based on the two independent groups of male and female participants. Scoring of each measure: - RPE: 0 indicates no effort; 100 indicates maximum effort (measured in mm)- 100m sprint time: faster sprint time indicates higher athletic ability (measured in seconds) Based on the specified scenario, provide the: 1.Descriptive statistics for all of the participant demographics and outcome variables 2.Select and run the appropriate statistical test(s)

• State and justify the statistical test you have chosen
• Test the appropriate assumptions
• Run the test

3.Report the findings in full as would be expected for publication, interpret meaning and provide a simple-layperson interpretation. Justify your decisions throughout and provide SPSS output in the appendices (except graphs which can be placed in the body of your report). 2.Scenario Following from your previous question you also believe there may be an age effect on the sprint time. Aims: You have recruited a number of participants and prescribed an 8-week HIIT programme. Having completed the 8-week programme you want to see if there is an effect in terms of

• 100m sprint time

based on the age group of the participant. You must recode the age variable into age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50+) Scoring of each measure: - 100m sprint time: faster sprint time indicates higher athletic ability (measured in seconds) Based on the specified scenario, provide the: 1.Descriptive statistics for all of the participant demographics and outcome variables 2.Select and run the appropriate statistical test(s)

• State and justify the statistical test you have chosen
• Test the appropriate assumptions
• Run the test

3.Report the findings in full as would be expected for publication, interpret meaning and provide a simple-layperson interpretation. Justify your decisions throughout and provide SPSS output in the appendices (except graphs which can be placed in the body of your report). 3 Scenario You also collected data on whether the participants plan to continue with another block of HIIT training and are interested in whether males or females are more likely to continue. You have recorded:

• Whether they plan to continue or not (yes or no)

Aims: You are interested in establishing if there is a relationship between the likelihood to continue training and gender Based on the specified scenario, provide the: 1.Descriptive statistics for all of the participant demographics and outcome variables 2.Choose and run the appropriate statistical test(s)

• State and justify the statistical test you have chosen

• Test the appropriate assumptions
• Run the test

3.Report the findings in full, as would be expected for publication, and interpret meaning and provide a layperson interpretation 4.Scenario You have read that caffeine can influence the duration of HIIT; however, there is some discrepancy in the literature regarding the quantity of caffeine. You want to better understand if there is a relationship between caffeine and HIIT. You want to see if there is a way to predict the effects of caffeine and exercise duration (it might be that the athletes you work with would benefit from a dose of caffeine before competing). You have recorded:

• preferred caffeine intake (mg/kg)
• how long they are able to continue exercising (mins).

Using this information, you feel you might be able to make predictions using the amount of caffeine a person consumes to estimate how long they would be able to exercise. Aim: 1.Based on the above information, assess the appropriateness of using caffeine dose in the prediction of exercise duration. 2.Using this prediction model, report the likely exercise duration for a person who consumes a caffeine dose of 5mg/kg. Scoring of each measure: Self-selected caffeine dose: the preferred quantity of caffeine consumed before exercise (measured in mg/kg)- Duration of exercise: duration the participant is able to continue with the exercise session; longer durations indicate higher exercise tolerance (measured in minutes). Based on the specified scenario, provide the: 1.Descriptive statistics for all of the participant demographics and outcome variables 2.Produce appropriate graphical representation

• Graphs/plots

3.Choose and run the appropriate statistical test(s)

• State and justify the statistical test you have chosen

• Test the appropriate assumptions [if the assumptions are violated you can note this but continue with the analysis as though you had not violated the assumptions]
• Run the test

4.Report the findings in full, as would be expected for publication, and interpret meaning and provide a layperson interpretation 5. Using this model, report the likely exercise duration for a person who consumes a caffeine dose of 5mg/kg