Define judicial precedent and explain how judges can develop the law through the constraints of precedent. Illustrate your answer by reference to relevant cases.

1. Important cases (precedente) about ratio decidendi "Donoghur v Stevenson"

2. Important cases about judges don't follow precedents about: "Balfour v Balfour and Merritt v. Merrit"

3. Important cases about: there are no precedent or relevant legislation: Bland v. Airedale NHS Hospital Trust