Define optimal capital structure as the ideal mix of debt and equity financing.

Explain how the optimal structure minimizes the cost of capital and maximizes firm value.

explain the trade$-$offs and factors influencing the determination of the optimal capital structure.

Highlight the interrelationship among the discussed elements $($payback period, NPV$,$ IRR, capital structures, WACC, and optimal structure$).$

Explain how these elements collectively aid managers in making informed capital budgeting decisions.

Emphasize the importance of considering multiple criteria and a comprehensive analysis.