$!!!$### Depreciation Expense:

XYZ Corp. acquires machinery for $$200,000$ with a salvage value of $$20,000$ and an estimated useful life of $5$ years. Calculate the depreciation expense for the first year using the straight$-$line method.

Convertible Bonds and Debt Accounting:

Company DEF issues $$500,000$ in convertible bonds at par value with a coupon rate of $8\%$ and a maturity period of $5$ years. The bonds can be converted into common stock at the option of the bondholders after $3$ years. Calculate the initial journal entry to record the issuance of the convertible bonds.