Describe the different types of synchronization and communication mechanisms between processes.

Washington, DC, center is located on M Street NW. The block is bounded to the south by L Street NW, to the west by 21^st Street NW, and to the east by 20^th Street NW. All streets are one-way, creating a counter-clockwise pattern surrounding the block. Traffic in DC is notoriously awful and cars typically block the box, that is, they enter the intersection when the traffic on the other side is not clear and end up blocking traffic on the perpendicular street (shown in diagram below).

Answer the following questions:

1. Explain the necessary conditions for deadlock that are present in this scenario.
2. What rule could the city implement that would avoid this situation in the future? Explain.
3. Add a rule to the dining philosophers problem that would ensure that it is deadlock-free.
4. Can an OS detect whether a process is starving? If yes, explain how. If not, explain why not.

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