Description A new pharmacological treatment for uveitis, NuVysion, has been approved by the PBS for clinical and quality standards for the prevention of blindness in high-risk patients who have an active disease flare, based on the results of a 2-year randomised controlled trial, with equal randomisation to NuVysion and best supportive care.

In the trial 30% of consented patients met the eligibility criteria: current active disease flare and diagnosed by their ophthalmologist as currently experiencing blindness. Blindness affected one-eye in 60% of patients and two-eyes in 40% of patients these two groups were equally randomised across the two study arms.

Of those who were eligible and randomised to the NuVysion arm, 75% began and continued with the treatment for the duration of the trial. This proportion was not significantly different to the adherence rates for those randomised to best supportive care, nor was it significantly different across those with blindness in one eye or two.

Patients who had been treated with NuVysion had a reduction in risk of blindness compared with patients who received best supportive care (relative risk of blindness 0.2), over the 2-year trial duration.

The outcomes of the trial are summarised in the following table.

Outcome	NuVysion	Best supportive care	Relative risk (95% CI)	Risk difference (95% CI)
Blindness (ie. treatment did not prevent blindness)	10/10,000 (0.1%)	50/10,000 (0.5%)	0.20 (0.05, 0.35)	-0.4% (-0.5%, -0.3%)

NuVysion needs to be taken daily each pack provides one month of treatment. The costs to the Australian Government through the PBS subsidy are $120 per pack/month for NuVysion and $10 per month for best supportive care. Part 1

Estimate the annual cost of blindness by quantifying health resource use (at least three resources) associated with the condition as well as valuing the health resource use using available costing data. These are costs associated with the management of blindness, which is in addition to costs of NuVysion and best supportive care which are treatments for uveitis.

Accordingly, the costs you identify may be broader than direct treatment costs. For example, just as uveitis can lead to blindness, if untreated, diabetes can lead to foot ulcers. A direct treatment cost of diabetes is insulin, whereas costs associated with the management of foot ulcers could include costs of dressings, as well as time off work. Fill out the following table by identifying relevant data sources and/or justifying your assumptions.

Identify (which resource items)	Quantify (how will you count them)		Value (how will you cost them)
	Units (e.g. frequency/ duration of use)	Source of utilisation estimates	Cost	Source of cost estimates