Determination of Value of specific heat

Objective: In this lab you will use a calorimeter to determine the specific heat of a metal.

1. Examine apparatus.Three 100 ml beakers containing samples of aluminum shot, lead shot, and water, labeled Al, Pb, and H₂O, respectively, are on the laboratory table. The empty inner cup of the steam generator (with a wooden handle) is on the left side of the table. To serve as an insulated calorimeter cup, a small, empty Styrofoam cup has been nested inside a larger Styrofoam cup. A laboratory balance is on the table to the right.
2. Findm_G.A sample of metal will be heated in a steam generator. Use the laboratory balance to determine the mass of the inner cup of the steam generator. Record the mass, in grams, asm_G.
3. Put metal shot into steam generator cup.Pour a sample of metal shot into the steam generator cup. Record the type of metal selected. In the simulation, 50 to 60 gram samples of two different types of metal shot, aluminum and lead, are contained in 100 ml glass beakers labeled Al and Pb; you can select either type of shot.
4. Findm_M.Use the laboratory balance to determine the combined mass of the inner cup of the steam generator and the sample of metal shot in it. Record the value asm_G+m_M. To determine the mass of the metal sample, subtract the mass of the steam generator cupm_Gfrom the combined mass of the cup and the samplem_G+m_M. Record the mass of the metal sample asm_M.
5. Findm_C.Use the laboratory balance to determine the mass of the calorimeter cup. Record the mass of the cup asm_C.
6. Put water into calorimeter.Pour water from the beaker labeled H₂O into the calorimeter cup to submerge the shot. The 100 ml glass beaker labeled H₂O contains 30 to 40 ml of water.
7. Findm_W.Use the laboratory balance to determine the combined mass of the calorimeter cup and the water in it. Record the value asm_C+m_W. To determine the mass of the water, subtract the mass of the calorimeter cupm_Cfrom the combined mass of the cup and the waterm_C+m_W. Record the mass of the water asm_W.
8. Assemble apparatus.When assembled, the lower chamber of the steam generator, containing approximately 200 ml of water, is positioned on a hot plate. The steam generator inner cup containing the metal shot is installed in the steam generator. A slotted cork is positioned loosely into the top of the steam generator cup to keep the air from cooling the top layer of shot. A thermometer is inserted through the cork and into the shot to measure its temperature; a close-up view of the thermometer is shown to the right of the steam generator. A Styrofoam disk covers the Styrofoam calorimeter cup containing the water. The disk serves as an insulated lid to keep the air from cooling the water. A thermometer is inserted through a hole in the lid to measure the temperature of the water; a close-up view of the thermometer is shown to the left of the calorimeter.
9. FindT_W. To the nearest 0.1 C, record the temperature of the water in the calorimeter cup asT_W
10. Heat metal sample.Turn the hotplate on, and begin heating the metal shot. In real time, it will take approximately five minutes for the water in the steam generator to come to a boil and approximately fifteen more minutes for the shot to reach its maximum temperature. You can reduce the time required to heat the shot to approximately two minutes by clicking and holdingTime Advance.
11. FindT_M.When the metal shot reaches its maximum temperature, to the nearest 0.1 C, record the temperature asT_M.
12. Pour heated metal shot into calorimeter.After performing step a, steps b, c, d, and e should be performed as quickly as possible to minimize heat loss to the air, which will introduce error in the experimental result.
    1. Remove the calorimeter lid from the calorimeter.
    2. Remove the cork from the steam generator cup.
    3. Pour the metal shot into the water inside the calorimeter.
    4. Put the lid back on the calorimeter.
    5. Swirl the calorimeter to stir the water and metal shot. This will minimize the time required for the water and metal shot to reach the equilibrium temperature.
13. FindT_E.As the hot metal shot transfers heat to the water inside the calorimeter, the shot will cool, and the temperature of the water will rapidly increase until the shot and the water come to the same temperature. After the equilibrium temperature is reached, the temperature of the water and shot will slowly decrease as heat is lost through the insulated sides and lid of the calorimeter. Carefully determine the maximum temperature attained inside the calorimeter. To the nearest 0.1 C, record this value as the equilibrium temperatureT_E.
14. Recordc_W.Record the known value for the specific heat of water, 4.18 J/g-C, asc_W.
15. Calculatec_M.Equation 3 from the Theory is shown in the Report. Using the values of the masses and temperatures you measured, along with the known value for the specific heat of waterc_W, calculate and record the experimental value for the specific heat of the metal,c_M.
16. Record Knownc_M.From theTable of Specific Heats, find and record the known value for the specific heat of the selected metal as Knownc_M.
17. Determine % error.UseEquation 4from the Theory to calculate the percent error in your experimental valuec_M.
18. Print report.When you have completed the table, print your lab report.
19. Additional investigation.Repeat the experiment using a different type of metal, and compare your results.

THIS IS THE RESULT!!!!

Metal = Lead Metal = Aluminium MG = 49.2 g mG + MM = 108.7 g MM = 59.5 mG = 49.2 g mG + MM = 102.8 g MM = 53.6 mc = 18.8 mc + MW = 56.6 g MW = 37.8 mc = 18.8 g mc + MW = 56.6 g MW = 37.8 TW = 22 .C TM = 98.2 TE = 25.1 .C Tw = 22 .C I'M = 98.2 .C TE = 39 .C Known CW = 4.18 J/g-C Known CW = 4.18 J/g-C Cwmw (TE - Tw) CM = cwmw (TE - TW) CM = MM (TM - TE) MM (TM - TE) CM = 0.112 J/g-C Known CM = 0.13 J/g-C % error = 13.8 CM = 0.846 J/g-C Known CM = 0.90 J/g-C % error = 6