Determine whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why.

1.Probability is used as a basis for inferential statistics.

2.When the sample does not represent the population, it is called a biased sample.

3.The difference between a sampling measure and a population measure is called a non-sampling error.

4.When the population of college professors is divided into groups according to their rank (instructor, assistant professor, etc.) and then several are selected from each group to make up a sample, the sample is called a cluster sample.

5.The variable temperature is an example of a quantitative variable.

6.The height of basketball players is considered a continuous variable.

7.The boundary of a value such as 6 inches would be 5.9-6.1 inches.

Select the best answer.

8.The number of ads on a one-hour television show is what type of data?

a.Nominal b.Qualitative c.Discrete d.Continuous

9.What are the boundaries of 25.6 ounces?

a .25-26 ounces b. 25.55-25.65 ounces c. 25.5-25.7 ounces d. 20-39 ounces

10.A researcher divided subjects into two groups according to gender and then selected members from each group for her sample. What sampling method was the researcher using?

a.Cluster b.Random c.Systematic d.Stratified

11.Data that can be classified according to color are measured on what scale?

a.Nominal b.Ratio c.Ordinal d.Interval

12.A study that involves no researcher intervention is called

a.An experimental study. b.A noninvolvement study. c.An observational study. d.A quasi-experimental study.

13.A variable that interferes with other variables in the study is called

a.A confounding variable. b.An explanatory variable. c.An outcome variable. d.An interfering variable.

Use the best answer to complete these statements.

14.Two major branches of statistics are _______ and _______.

15.Two uses of probability are _______ and _______

16.The group of all subjects under study is called a(n) _______.

17.A group of subjects selected from the group of all subjects under study is called a(n) _______.

18.Three reasons why samples are used in statistics: a._______ b._______ c._______

19.The four basic sampling methods are a._______ b._______ c._______ d._______

20.A study that uses intact groups when it is not possible to randomly assign participants to the groups is called a(n) _________________

21.In a research study, participants should be assigned to groups using ________ methods, if possible.

22.For each statement, decide whether descriptive or inferential statistics is used.

a.The average life expectancy in New Zealand is 78.49 years (Source: World Factbook).

b.A diet high in fruits and vegetables will lower blood pressure (Source: Institute of Medicine).

c.The total amount of estimated losses for Hurricane Katrina was $125 billion (Source: The World Almanac and Book of Facts).

d.Researchers stated that the shape of a person's ears is relative to the person's aggression (Source: American Journal of Human Biology). 37

e.In 2050, it is estimated that there will be 18 million Americans who are age 85 and over (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

23.Classify each as nominal-level, ordinal-level, interval-level, or ratio-level of measurement.

a.Rating of movies as G, PG, and R

b.Number of candy bars sold on a fund drive

c.Classification of automobiles as subcompact, compact, standard, and luxury

d.Temperatures of hair dryers

e.Weights of suitcases on a commercial airliner

24.Classify each variable as discrete or continuous.

a.Ages of people working in a large factory

b.Number of cups of coffee served at a restaurant

c.The amount of drug injected into a guinea pig

d.The time it takes a student to drive to school

e.The number of gallons of milk sold each day at a grocery store

25.Give the boundaries of each.

a.32 minutes

b.0.48 millimeter

c.6.2 inches

d.19 pounds

e.12.1 quarts