Determine whether the following benefits are fringe benefits or exempt fringe benefits and, where applicable, state the relevant category of fringe benefit.

Provide reasons for your answers and calculate the exact fringe benefit amount(s), where appropriate, for the following cases listed below (a) (g):

1. (a) A monthly payment of $120 is made to Jack. Jack is an employee, who sometimes uses his home phone for work purposes. Jack has estimated that the business use percentage of his phone bill is 20%.

2. (b) A payment of $1,000 employees superannuation contribution by the employer to a complying superannuation fund.

3. (c) A loan of $20,000 from the company to one of its shareholders with no interest being charged. The companys rules do not permit loans to employees, but it is silent about loans to shareholders.

4. (d) A payment of a $50 Uber fare by the employer for the employee to travel home after working late.

5. (e) A bunch of flowers sent to a sick employee. The flowers cost $120.

6. (f) Provision of a car for an employees private use, including payment of all fuel costs by

   the employer. Consider whether any fringe benefits have arisen.

7. (g) Provision of sandwiches at a lunchtime seminar held at the employers premises.