Different channel systems face different issues. For example, Dell Computer's suppliers of batteries and hard drives are invisible, but as a result, Dell has to do everything itself. On the other hand, Amazon's supply chain consists of the manufacturers who are visible and present, but Amazon needs the cooperation and reliability from its suppliers and has to deal with customers. Which of the following is NOT a benefit for Dell or Amazon as participants in a distribution channel? a. Efficiency b. Scale c. Consistency in positioning d. Shareholder satisfaction