Discuss the likely persons that the Ministry of Health, District Commissioners and Island Poppers may owe a duty of care towards.

Following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the BAT-1 vaccine was developed, tested and sanctioned by the World Health Organization. Research has shown that people with the XYN chromosome could face severe reactions if they received the BAT-1 vaccine. International health advisory recommended that those with the XYN chromosome do not receive or be administered the vaccine. The Pacifica Ministry of Health authorised the distribution and use of the BAT-1 vaccine in Pacifica in January 2021. It also implemented its National COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy and set up District Immunization Centres in each of the eight districts of Pacifica which were led by District Commissioners. Pacifica secured its first consignment of the vaccine in February 2021. After a mass education campaign, Pacifica nationals were given the choice to be vaccinated or not. All District Commissioners were advised by the Permanent Secretary of Health to inform the remote villagers within their sector to report to their District Immunization Centers. The Permanent Secretary was adamant that the District Commissioners to properly advise the villagers that they had to get tested for the XYN Chromosome first, before receiving the BAT-1 vaccine. On 2 February 2021, District Commissioner Manasa advised all of the members who lived in the three villages in his District to report to the Malaka Health Center on 19 February 2021 and "receive their Corona immunization". Samu arrived at the Malaka Health Center on 19 February 2021. There were two lines. Every villager had to start at Line 1 and get tested for the XYN chromosome before they were approved to join Line 2 for the BAT-1 Vaccine. When Samu arrived, he was ushered directly by Sheetal (a district nurse at Malaka Health Center) to join line 2 directly. He received the immunization and went home. After 2 days, Samu developed serve heart palpitations and was rushed to the Malaka Health Center by his wife via a carrier truck. After a series of emergency tests, it was discovered that Samu had the XYN Chromosome. When the doctor at the Malaka Health Centre discovered that he had received the BAT-1 vaccine, the doctor stated that Samu would need to be airlifted by helicopter within an hour to the main hospital for emergency reversal intervention. The main hospital was located 200 kilometres away from Malaka Health Centre. Helicopter services were outsourced by the Ministry of Health to a local scenic helicopter tour company, Island Poppers, for such emergency evacuations. The helicopter company was radioed and advised of a 'Protocol Level 1 Malaka'. An hour passed and Manasa's wife became anxious. She kept insisting as to when the helicopter would arrive and she was told by the doctor that he had already informed Island Poppers, who in turn advised that they were coming. The helicopter only arrived after three hours and while en- route to the main hospital, Samu died mid-air. When investigated, it was discovered that the helicopter pilot had only joined a week ago and did not understand the tiered medical evacuation protocols. He mistook 'Protocol level 1 Malaka' for "Protocol level 1-A Malaka'. 'Protocol Level 1 Malaka' meant priority evacuation flight from Malaka. Whereas "Protocol Level 1-A Malaka" meant non-priority flight from Malaka. After witnessing this series of harrowing event, Manasa's wife is now diagnosed with severe clinical depression. Samu was the sole bread winner for the family. Discuss the likely persons that the Ministry of Health, District Commissioners and Island Poppers may owe a duty of care towards