DISCUSSION 1 / PLEASE AGREE OR DISAGREE TO NICOLE'S POST

I think Denine projects signs and symptoms of binge-eating disorder. Binge-eating is the consumption of unusual quantities of food in a short period of time. Symptoms that Denine describes in concert with binge-eating disorder include feelings of loss of control, masking her binging by eating in confidence, feeling repulsive and disturbed about her weight and binging, and displays signs and symptoms of depression (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). Denine does not report operations of compensatory acts to diminish the calories consumed. This eliminates the assumption that she is suffering from bulimia nervosa. To be diagnosed with binge-eating disorder, one must have episodes of binging at least one time a week over a three month period (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). Denine reports having episodes at least two times a week. Binge-eating is associated with stress and social role adaptation problems. Denine expresses feelings of pressure appertaining to her husband's recent unemployment; she now takes on the singular role of being the financial provider for her family of four. When she experiences negative emotions, it triggers her hankering to binge. Denine is at risk for eating disorders, since the prevalence is greater among women (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022).

Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors all have contributions to the development of eating disorders. There is genetic evidence that eating-disorders can run in families (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). Though it is unknown and undocumented that her parents have eating-disorders, there are hints to potential eating problems. Her father had health problems related to being overweight; furthermore, her mother had passed away at a young age from a heart attack. According to the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2023), obesity among younger individuals puts them at risk for heart disease earlier in life. Psychologically, deficiency of impulse control can be responsible for binge-eating episodes (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). Impulsivity is a dilemma with behavioral and cognitive self-discipline. Impulsive behavior is heightened in binge-eating disorder (Geil, et al., 2017). Socioculturally, women are at an increased risk for developing eating-disorders. Denine also has family-related and financial stressors that increase her susceptibility to binging (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). In overweight people, emotional employment demands, skill discretion, and family-work conflict are firmly affiliated with binge-eating (Juvanhol, et al., 2022).

Depression can force an individual to overeat. If depression is the primary cause of Denine's binge-eating disorder, antidepressant drugs can be beneficial in the treatment regimen (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). According to the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (2023), in addition to pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and behavioral weight loss programs are effective in the treatment plan.

DISCUSSION 2/ PLEASE AGREE OR DISAGREE TO CHRISTINA' S POST

. Of the disorders covered, I believe Denine shows evidence of Binge-eating disorder. Binge-eating disorder can be seen as "similar to bulimia nervosa in that it involves recurrent binge eating episodes along with feelings of lack of control during the binge-eating episode. The binge-eating episodes are associated with at least three of the following: eating quicker than usual, eating until uncomfortably full, eating large amounts even if not hungry, eating alone, and feeling disgust with oneself or being depressed. Despite the feelings of shame and guilt post-binge, individuals with BED will not engage in vomiting, excessive exercise, or other compensatory behaviors. These binge eating episodes occur on average, at least once a week for 3 months." (Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022). Denine reports that she consumes a high amount of food/calories in a short period of time at least twice a week, and states that she knows it's triggered by negative emotions. 2. There are many factors that contribute to Denine's disorder, all in which fall under the categories of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Pertaining to biological factors, she comes from parents who have health issues such as being overweight and her mother passing from a heart attack. A psychological factor is, her low of self-esteem, poor body image, and the anxiety of having health issues and thinking she's going to die young like her mother. Lastly, sociocultural factors are, feeling like she's letting her kids down, being the financial provider for the family, and people making comments at her in public because of the way she looks. 3. Based on the diagnosis of binge- eating disorder, I suggest she should use treatments that have to do with cognitive behavioral therapies and antidepressants. "Goals of treatment are, of course, to eliminate binge eating episodes, as well as reduce body weight as most individuals with BED are overweight."(Bridley, & Daffin Jr., 2022).