Discussion of Endogenous Growth Theories relevant for Singapore

- Innovation, Research and Development (R&D). Use evidence from Global Innovation Index 2022 and World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022. Tax incentives for private sector R&D & subsidising private sector R&D. Grants to fund basic research at universities and research institutions

- Subsidising Education & Training (e.g. Skillsfuture and Mid-Career Support Package), Increased the number of subsidised University places - 40% of each cohort.

- Protection of intellectual property: encourage innovation by granting temporary monopolies (patents) to inventors of new products.