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Distance Elevation LandUse Flooding Cadmium LogCadmium 400 8.7 Crops 1 1.3 0.114 630 9.0 Crops 1 1.5 0.176 150 8.5 Pasture 2 2.4 0.380 100

Distance

Elevation

LandUse

Flooding

Cadmium

LogCadmium

400

8.7

Crops

1

1.3

0.114

630

9.0

Crops

1

1.5

0.176

150

8.5

Pasture

2

2.4

0.380

100

7.9

Crops

1

4.2

0.623

480

8.2

Crops

1

1.7

0.230

20

7.4

Pasture

1

7.3

0.863

130

6.5

Crops

1

3.5

0.544

400

9.0

FruitTrees

1

1.4

0.146

290

7.8

FruitTrees

3

0.8

-0.097

860

9.0

Crops

2

0.8

-0.097

150

8.1

Pasture

3

0.8

-0.097

150

7.8

Crops

1

6.5

0.813

200

6.4

Crops

1

4.3

0.633

630

7.7

Crops

2

0.4

-0.398

410

9.5

Pasture

2

1.2

0.079

10

7.0

Pasture

1

8.7

0.940

20

6.9

Pasture

1

14.1

1.149

10

7.4

FruitTrees

1

8.3

0.919

260

8.7

Pasture

1

1.7

0.230

360

6.9

Crops

1

2.7

0.431

70

8.5

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

140

9.0

Crops

1

2.8

0.447

20

7.3

Pasture

1

11.2

1.049

550

9.6

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

260

6.3

Crops

1

3.1

0.491

440

9.0

Crops

1

1.7

0.230

430

8.7

Crops

3

1.5

0.176

160

7.9

Crops

2

1.8

0.255

450

9.8

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

520

8.6

Crops

3

3.1

0.491

200

6.3

Pasture

1

3.9

0.591

350

8.4

Crops

3

2.1

0.322

560

7.6

FruitTrees

1

0.7

-0.155

20

7.6

Pasture

1

8.2

0.914

190

9.5

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

200

7.8

FruitTrees

1

2.6

0.415

290

9.2

Crops

3

0.2

-0.699

320

6.6

Pasture

1

3.9

0.591

10

7.2

Crops

1

6.8

0.833

80

5.7

Pasture

1

6.3

0.799

120

7.7

Crops

3

3.1

0.491

760

9.9

Crops

2

0.4

-0.398

540

10.0

Crops

3

0.8

-0.097

680

9.9

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

750

9.1

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

390

8.7

Crops

1

1.3

0.114

680

10.1

Crops

3

0.2

-0.699

100

9.5

Crops

2

0.4

-0.398

80

8.9

Crops

1

5.5

0.740

300

9.1

Crops

1

1.8

0.255

530

9.6

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

80

7.3

Pasture

3

3.8

0.580

120

7.5

Pasture

3

3.2

0.505

170

7.5

Crops

1

2.4

0.380

340

7.0

Crops

1

3.0

0.477

240

8.7

Crops

1

2.4

0.380

10

7.4

Pasture

1

9.4

0.973

650

9.7

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

130

8.8

Crops

1

2.5

0.398

710

8.3

Crops

1

1.7

0.230

500

8.8

Pasture

2

0.4

-0.398

10

7.7

Pasture

1

9.5

0.978

310

7.9

Pasture

3

2.0

0.301

490

9.0

Pasture

1

1.4

0.146

320

8.5

Crops

2

0.4

-0.398

10

7.9

Pasture

1

12.0

1.079

270

6.2

Pasture

1

2.9

0.462

500

9.4

FruitTrees

2

0.2

-0.699

1000

9.1

FruitTrees

2

0.2

-0.699

390

9.6

Crops

2

0.2

-0.699

Question 1

The median elevation of sites is

7.90 m

8.25 m

8.45 m

9.03 m

Question 2

What is the shape of the elevation distribution?

Skewed to the right

Symmetric with outliers

Skewed to the left

Symmetric

Question 3

The distribution of cadmium concentration appears to be skewed to the right. The researchers decided to first log-transform these concentration values, to make the distribution more symmetric, giving the variable LogCadmium. What is the mean of this transformed variable for the sites used for growing fruit trees?

-0.0970

-0.0243

0.1100

0.9190

Question 4

The researchers wanted to know if there is a difference in the mean cadmium levels between the different land uses. What are the residual degrees of freedom in the one-way ANOVA to address this question?

2

67

68

69

Question 5

Based on the log-transformed concentration values, what is the total sum of squares for the one-way ANOVA to compare land uses?

4.688

16.896

21.584

32.376

Question 6

Based on the F test for the one-way ANOVA to compare land uses, you can conclude that there is

no evidence to suggest that there is a difference in mean log-transformed cadmium concentration between the different land uses (p > 0.1)

weak evidence to suggest that there is a difference in mean log-transformed cadmium concentration between the different land uses (p < 0.1)

moderate evidence to suggest that there is a difference in mean log-transformed cadmium concentration between the different land uses (p < 0.05)

strong evidence to suggest that there is a difference in mean log-transformed cadmium concentration between the different land uses (p < 0.01)

Question 7

What is the R2 value for this one-way ANOVA model?

0.0472

0.2172

0.2774

0.4660

Question 8

The researchers also wanted to know if there is a difference in the mean log-transformed cadmium levels between the three different flooding frequencies. What are the degrees of freedom for the Flooding factor in the one-way ANOVA to address this question?

1

2

67

69

Question 9

What is the F statistic for the one-way ANOVA model to compare flooding frequencies?

5.37

9.29

22.52

51.72

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