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Problem Value: 7 point(s). Problem Score: 14%. Attempts Remaining: 3 attempts. (7 points) Dogwood trees ~ Researchers studying dogwood trees found that 88% of the dogwood trees of a standard strain die within three years of planting in a particular industrial area. Martin, a researcher at a nearby university, is currently studying a new strain of dogwood tree, believed to be resistant to air pollution. In an initial phase of the study, Martin found that 51 seedlings of the new strain were planted in the area and 42 (82.35%) of them died in three years. 1. Martin wants to know if the new strain of dogwood tree is more resistant to air pollution than the standard strain. He formulates the following null hypothesis: The percentage of the new strain dogwood trees that die within three years is 88%, the same as the standard strain. What is the appropriate alternate hypothesis? OA. HA: The percentage of new strain dogwood trees that die within three years is less than 88%. OB. HA: The percentage of new strain dogwood trees that die within three years is more than 88%. O C. HA: The percentage of new strain dogwood trees that die within three years is different than 88%. 2. The paragraph below describes how we might perform a randomization-based hypothesis test for this scenario. Fill in the blanks and select the appropriate drop-down choices to correctly describe how the test could be conducted. To set up a simulation for this situation, we let each new strain dogwood tree be represented with a card. To set up the null hypothesis model, we take 100 cards, 42 green cards to represent seedlings that die within 3 years and 51 white cards to represent seedlings that do not. Shuffle the cards and draw 100 cards with replacement representing the sample in the researcher's study. Record the proportion of green v cards and call it p sim- Repeat this 3,000 times and plot the resulting sample proportions to construct the null distribution. 3. Notice that Martin's observed proportion is 5.65000000000001% from the center of the null distribution. Suppose you use computer technology to simulate results under the null hypothesis. After 3000 simulations, you find that: 452 of the 3000 simulations fell more than 5.65000000000001% below the center of the null distribution, and 453 of the 3000 simulations fell more than 5.65000000000001% above the center of the null distribution. Use the results of the simulation to calculate the p-value. 4. Martin's colleague, Charlene, conducts a similar study in her city and obtains a p-value of 0.0683. Based on this p-value, Charlene has extremely strong v evidence that the null hypothesis model is not a good fit for her observed result. Help Entering Answers Preview My Answers Submit Answers