Dorothy is the owner of a vacant building. A fire started in the combustible trash and debris that was allowed to accumulate in the building. The fire spread across a narrow street and damaged an elevator shaft owned by John. Ajax Equipment was hired by the City to demolish the damaged elevator shaft. During the course of the demolition, a part of the elevator shaft fell and damaged a car owned by Betty.

• Using substantial factor analysis, who are the possible parties to be charged with causation, and why?