Dr. Chang has found that there is a variation in voter turnout across Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. According to the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA), it was 77.92% in South Korea while 55.70% in the United States. Dr. Chang wants to examine why some countries have a higher voter turnout (%) than others. Please answer the following questions.

What is the dependent variable in Dr. Chang's research?

Answer all three questions. 1) What could be an independent variable that can explain a variation in voter turnout across countries? 2) Create that variable for your research. Is that variable an interval, ordinal, or nominal variable? 3) How would can one measure and assign values to that variable? Do not use the following variables - education and an electoral system.

What is a theory about HOW and WHY your independent variable may influence (increase or decrease) a voter turnout? Write no more than FOUR sentences. As long as your theory sounds logical and reasonable

Think of a hypothesis that is based on the theory.

According to the theory/hypothesis, is the relationship between the independent variable and voter turnout positive or negative?