Dr. Potts, a professor at Wild Rose University, thought that playing music by the great Willie Nelson before an exam would calm his students' nerves, allowing them to perform better. Prior to the final exam in the course with 22 students, he played ole' Shotgun Willie for 15 minutes for half of the class, while no music was played for the other half of students. The exam scores of the two groups were compared to evaluate Dr. Potts' claim. The following table shows the results of an independent-measures ANOVA comparing the two conditions (music vs. no music). Note that several values are missing in the table. Fill in the missing values, compute the F-ratio, and interpret the findings with = .05.

SourceSS dfMS

Between-- -- 14

Within-- -- --

Total154 --

Answer Choices

There is not enough information to make a statistical decision.

Fail to reject H₀. F(7,14) = 2.66, p > .05. Playing music does not impact exam scores.

Fail to reject H₀. F(1,20) = 2.00, p > .05. Playing music does not impact exam scores.

Reject H₀. F(1,20) = 4.35, p < .05. Playing music improves exam scores.

Reject H₀. F(2,21) = 11.50, p < .05. Playing music improves exam scores.

Reject H₀. F(7,14) = 3.17, p < .05. Playing music improves exam scores.

Fail to reject H₀. F(2,21) = 3.25, p > .05. Playing music does not impact exam scores.