Draw a theory of action. (See Sagor and Williams, Chapter 5.) Design your proposal to build a case for this research project. How will you help a potential funder see your vision? Explain the relationships between actions and variables. Include a visual diagram of your theory, if you wish, but you will not be graded on this aspect. If you choose to include a visual of your theory, be sure to focus on content, rather than artistic expression. project based learning can improve AP scores in terms of target foci, performance levels, and criteria