DrinkAtHome, Inc. (DAH, |nc.}, develops, processes, and markets mixes to be used in nonalcoholic cocktails and mixed drinks for home consumption. Mrs. Lee, who is in charge of research and development at DAH. |nc., this morning notied Mr. Dick Jones, the president, that exciting developments in the research and development section indicate that a new beverage, an instant pina colada, should be possible because of a new way to process and preserve coconut. Mrs. Lee is recommending a major program to develop the pina colada. She estimates that expenditure on the development may be as much as $100,000 and that as much as a year's work may be required. In the discussion with Mr. Jones, she indicated that she thought the possibility of her outstanding people successfully developing such a drink now that she'd done all the really important work was in the neighborhood of 90 percent. She also felt that the likelihood ofa competing company developing a similar product in 12 months was 80 percent. Mr. Jones is strictly a bottom line guy and is concerned about the sales volume of such a beverage. Consequently, Mr. Jones talked to Mr. Besnette, his market research manager, whose specialty is new product evaluation, and was advised that a market existed for an instant pina colada. but was some what dependent on acceptance by both grocery stores and retail liquor stores. Mr. Besnette also indicated that the sales reports indicate that other rms are considering a line of tropical drinks. if other rms should develop a competing beverage the market would, of course, be split among them. Mr. Jones pressed Mr. Besnette to make future sales estimates for various possibilities and to indicate the present [discounted value of future prots) value. Mr. Besnette provided Table 1. Mr. Besnette's gures did not include {1) cost of research and development, (2) cost of new production equipment, or (3) cost of introducing the pina colada. The cost of the new production equipment is expected to be 3; 100,000 because of the special way the coconut needs to be handled, and the cost of introducing the new product is expected to be about $150,000 because of the pointof purchase displays that would be necessary to introduce the new product. Mrs. Lee has indicated that she does have alternative development proposals, which are: 1. A reduced research program to see someone else comes out with the product rst and if not, then proceed with a crash program. The reduced program for the rst eight months would cost $10,000 per month. One advantage of this is that if the effort was unsuccessful, then development costs would be held to the eight-month gure {8 months X $ 10,000 = $80,000}. The likelihood of success under this approach is the same as the more orderly development. [The likelihood ofa competing company developing a product in 8 months is 60 percent.}The crash development program would take place in months 9 through 12 and would cost an additional $60,000. It would proceed only if the eightmonth study guaranteed a success. 2. Use a reduced research program and maintain an awareness of industry developments to see if someone else develops a product. ffsomeone else has developed a product at the end of six months, it would cost only an additional $30,000 to analyze their product and duplicate it. The reduced development program would cost $10,000 per month. Mr. Besnette, being the great marketer that he is. is of course reluctant to be second on the market with a new product. He says that the rst product on the market will usually obtain a greater share of the market, and it will be difcult to win those customers back. Consequently, he indicates that only about 50 percent of the sales that he indicated in Table 1 could be expected if DrinkatHome waited until competing brands were already on the market. Moreover, he suspects that there is only a 50.60 chance that the competitor will be out with a product within the next six months