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duction Survey shows that there is a significant rise in public distrust for both individual brands and corporate in Australia since 2020 due to the

duction Survey shows that there is a significant rise in public distrust for both individual brands and corporate in Australia since 2020 due to the misconduct of corporate Australia under the 'cover of the Covid-19 pandemic' (Morgan 2023). The issue of corporate distrust worsened in 2023 as consumers experienced economic uncertainty and struggled with corporate scandals and data breaches (Morgan 2023). The successive scandals had led to concern on moral bankruptcy of corporate Australia (McCarthy 2023). As stated by Watts, Maniam & Leavell (2018), impacts of corporate scandals have wide-ranging effects on various aspects of the society, thus further studies on corporates scandals and its impacts are crucial to enable society to detect possible causes, recognise indicators of fraud and hopefully prevent scandals from happening. Although several researches have been done on this topic, but there is limited discussion in the context of Australia. Hence, study on this topic in the context of corporate in Australia is essential to assist policymakers, investors, consumers and other stakeholders in detecting and preventing corporate scandals in Australia. Research Questions & Objectives The aim of the study is to determine by what extent the shares of scandal-hits companies in Australia is affected by their corporate scandals and how will these impacts differs between different industries. Research Question: i) What is the impact of corporate scandal on share price of scandal-hit companies in Australia? ii) How will the impact of corporate scandal on share price of scandal-hit companies in Australia differ between industries? In alignment with the research questions, this study seeks to achieve the subsequent objectives: Research Objectives: i) To identify the share price movement and volatility of scandal-hit companies in Australia before and after their scandals are aired publicly ii) To compare the impacts of corporate scandal on share price of scandal-hit companies in different industries in Australia Conceptual Framework Corporate scandals have been previously identified as the definitive source of the main force for change in share prices and changes in investors' feelings and sentiments. Through the comprehensive examination that (Firmansyah et al. 2020) undertook, the authors proved the multi-faceted character of corporate scandals through the finances, economics, and behavioural organizational perspectives. In their research, Firmansyah, and his team (2020) argue that such corporate scandals usually depict situations in which fraud, which is the main ethical lapse, and breaches of the law are involved. Further, the researchers find out the wider consequences that corporate scandals are having on investor sentiment and market stability. However, (Firmansyah et al. 2020) suggest that a scandal, being made up of negative news about (company) can erode investor confidence, contribute to the risk-taking behaviour of the investors, and ultimately lead to heightened volatility and trading activity in affected securities. Through the examination of how the market behaved towards a variety of corporate scandals disclosed across many different industries and regions worldwide, Firmansyah and co-authors (2020) share important perspectives about the workings that are responsible for the way investors respond to such revelations. Summing up, Firmansyah et al. (2020) examines the surprisingly complex web of relations between corporate scandals, investor sentiment, and share prices, demonstrating that for well-direct companies, ethical principles, and proactive risk management measures for smart and sustainable business are very crucial for shareholders' value as well as market integrity in times of today's dynamic business environment, and this is good. Soltani (2014) and Zahra et al. (2007) provide valuable perspectives on the impact of corporate scandals on stock prices. According to Soltani's comparative study, corporate fraud significantly affects the market and can have a ripple impact on industry spillovers and stock price movements. The study emphasizes how scandal exposure can have an instant negative impact on market value and shareholder trust. The effects of top management fraud are also examined by Zahra et al. (2007), who emphasize how detrimental it is to the financial performance and reputation of the organization. The qualitative research indicates that corporate scandals might lead to an adverse impact in investor sentiment, which can lower share prices and market capitalization. Jory et al. (2015) investigated market reaction to both financial and non-financial corporate scandals involving CEOs in the US between 1993 to 2011 by looking into the effects of misconduct of a firm's CEO on stock market performance. Result of the study suggest that investors respond negatively to the announcement of corporate scandals whereby the stock price of the firms dropped significantly after the misconduct was disclosed and their stock price volatility increased in the days following the announcement. However, findings also show that the effect is confined to the short-run as the performance of those firms matches the performance of other scandal-free firms in the long-run and some even outperformed. Hence, shareholders are benefited by the corrective actions taken by the scandal-hit firms in the long run. Although this study shows that scandals have limited impacts on stock-market performance of the scandal-hit firm in the long-run, it is still crucial to find out the impact of scandals in the short-term as not all firms can survive through the damage associated with corporate scandals in the short-terms. Types of Variables Variable Name References & Rationale for Investigation Dependent Variable Share Price Movement Jory et al. (2015), Firmansyah et al. (2020), Soltani (2014), Zahra et al. (2007) Share Price Volatility Jory et al. (2015), Firmansyah et al. (2020) Independent Variable Corporate Scandal Jory et al. (2015), Firmansyah et al. (2020), Soltani (2014), Zahra et al. (2007) Hypotheses The following hypothesis statements were formulated to analyse the impacts of corporate scandals on share price of scandal-hit companies and how the impact differs between different industries. H1: Corporate scandal negatively affects share price movement of scandal-hit companies in Australia. H2: Corporate scandal negatively affects share price volatility of scandal-hit companies in Australia. H3: The magnitude of share price decline for scandal-hit companies in Australia differs due to differences in industry characteristics. Share Price Movement H1 H2 Corporate Scandal Share Price Volatility Methodology The data sets used for this case study was gathered through secondary data from an online data source, which is Yahoo! Finance. Data set A measures the share price of Qantas Airways over a one-year period, which is between February 2023 to February 2024. Meanwhile, data set B measures the share price of Westpac Bank over a one-year period from May 2019 to May 2020. The data was obtained through the share price recorded on the Australian Stock Exchange for both periods. In this case, corporate scandal is considered as an independent variable whereas the share price of scandal-hit companies is identified as the dependent variables. A statistical analysis will be conducted to compare the share price movement of scandal-hit companies before and after the scandal. In addition, a comparative analysis will then be conducted to compare the impacts of scandals between the airline industry and banking industry. Can you please help me with the examples of limitation that I can put it on the report three-four limitation based on this above report

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