During 2013, an S corporation incurs the following transactions.

Interest income from savings account: $28,000

Long-term capital gain from sale of securities: $54,000

Short-term capital loss from sale of securities:$ 44,000

The corporation's passive investment income for 2013 is:

a. $28,000

b. $38,000

c. $82,000

d. $142,000

e. None of the above

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