E sold stock to her son for $8,000. She purchased the stock several years ago for $11,000. Put the answer in parentheses if the amount is a loss.

a. What amount of loss will E report on the sale?

b. What amount of gain or loss will the son report if he sells the stock for $12,000 to an unrelated party? If it is a loss, put your answer in parentheses.

c. If the son sells for $10,000?

d. If the son sells for $4,000?