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Echinacea is widely used as an herbal remedy for the common cold, but does it work? In a double-blind experiment, healthy volunteers agreed to be
Echinacea is widely used as an herbal remedy for the common cold, but does it work? In a double-blind experiment, healthy volunteers agreed to be exposed to common-cold-causing rhinovirus type 39 and have their symptoms monitored. The volunteers were randomly assigned to take either a placebo or an echinacea supplement daily for 5 days following viral exposure. Among the 103 subjects taking a placebo, 88 developed a cold, whereas 44 of the 48 subjects taking echinacea developed a cold.1 Give the 95% plus four confidence interval for the difference in proportions (p1 - p2) of individuals developing a cold after viral exposure between the echinacea treatment and the placebo. Let p1 represent the proportion for the placebo patient population and p2 represent the proportion for the echnacea patient population. Provide the lower bound and upper bound of the confidence interval to three decimal places. Lower bound: Upper bound
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