ECON 1P91 Assignment 1 September 14, 2020 Instructions: Please write out your answers clearly, and submit them to your TA, by 10am EST on Monday, September 21st, 2020. You may type your assignment, or write it in hard copy. If you use a hard copy, then please use a scanning app such as TurboScan to scan your assignment, and send it to your TA via email. All assignments must be submitted via email. Short Response 1.. Consider each of the following statements; is it an example of deductive or inductive thinking? You do not need to explain your answer. (15%) a) "I only enjoy hunting in December. The other months lack good game in my experience." b) "If all politicians are corrupt, then surely Justin Trudeau and Donald Trump are corrupt." c) "Attending lectures improves grades. Therefore, if I attend my ECON IP91 lectures, my grades will improve." d) "I asked around about the best coffee shop in St. Catharines, and most people told me it was Caffe Gatti." e) "Birds of a feather flock together. Alex and Emma are binds of feather. Thus, they do not flock together." 2. Consider each of the following statements; which is an example of a logically sound argument? Also, which of them is logically valid? You do not need to explain your Answer. (156) n) "All politicians are stupid. Jack is not a politicain. Therefore, he is not stupid." b) "A man is a monkey if he is a hairy beast. Jonathan is a man, but he is not a monkey, and is therefore not a hairy beast." c) "Jojo's theme is the best song in the universe. Happy Birthday is a song. Thus, Jojo's theme is better than Happy Birthday." d) "All elephants are mammals. Sanjay is an elephant, and therefore he's a mammal." c) "Manitoba is a part of Canada. Guillaume was born in Manitoba, and was this born in Canada."3. Which of the following statements is an example of complete induction? Incom- plete induction? You do not need to explain your answer. (9%) a) "I have four children, and wanted to find out how much they like the new iPhone. So I asked them, and none of them did." b) "We conducted a survey of 1,000 people to find out how much Canadians enjoy lakefront cottage vacations." c) "I have only been here one day, but Brock is full of good-looking people!" 4. Consider the 12 logical fallacies listed in your textbook. Which fallacy applies to each of the following statements? You do not need to explain your answer. (215) a) "During COVID-19, it is important to only trust expert sources, such as the World Health Organization and the Canada Public Health Officer." b) "The Bible is wrong because it's so old. We need to rely on new information." c) "We should embrace the Church, because it is an ancient institution that has withstood persecution." d) "The idea that manmade climate change is disastrous must be true because it is an obvious fact." c) "Christianity is stupid. All of its rituals, like the Divine Liturgy, are based on pagan rites from Ancient Greece." f) JACK: "I'm not against werines, but not all of them are worth getting. The flu vaccine, for example, is not effective at all, based on three Cochrane reviews of peer-reviewed research. Furthermore, it can come with serious side effects like Guillain Barre, a neurological disease. If you acquire a vaccine injury, there are special vaccine courts which lack the same liability as normal courts ." JILL: "You're just an uneducated anti-vixxer." g) "Most people favour legalization of marijuana. Therefore, it should be legalized." 5. Consider each of the following pairs of goods. Which one has a higher use value? Which one has a higher exchange value? You do not need to explain your answer. (10%) a) Cocaine vs. Water. b) Barbie Dolls vs. Lamps. c) Condoms vs. Salt. d) Luxury Vacations vs. Car Washes. e) Face Masks vs. Toilet Paper.6. Mark each of the following statements as either True or False. You do not need to explain your answer. (10%) a) Atheism and skepticism led to the Scientific Revolution. b) According to Karl Popper, science must be falsifiable, through experiment and/or observation. ") Martin Luther was a Catholic who broke away from the Catholic Church to engender Protestantism. d) The Enlightenment was a movement primarily focused on scientific discovery. e) Economics is primarily focused on the study of money, and the goods and services associated with the so-called 'circulatory economy of production." f) For a long time in history, economics was a field of philosophy- g) Mathematical truths can be gleaned through the scientific method. h) Adam Smith taught at the University of Oxford. i) The Massachusetts Institute of Technology was a floundering school before WWII transformed it into a world-class university. j Research shows that the Reformation caused economic growth in Europe. 7. Find an example of a logical fallacy in a newspaper article or opinion piece from one of the following three newspapers: The Toronto Star, The Globe and Mail, The National Post. Explain clearly where the logical fallacy is in the article, why it is a logical fallacy, and identify the logical fallacy being committed. Be clear and concise in your response, which should be no longer than 250 words in length (you are also being graded on spelling and grammar). Please attach the newspaper article to this assignment. (203)