As a human resource (HR) manager, you have been asked to write an email to all staff in which you analyse each stage in a formal performance management cycle. You must examine the benefits and challenges of each stage of the formal performance management cycle.

Emily Ward is married and has a non-network family health insurance plan with the benefits shown in the figure on p. 10. Her recent non-network health care costs include 5 physician visits and 2 specialist visits. She made co-payments for 6 physical therapy visits at $110 each. Emily has one ambulance trip to the emergency room and a subsequent hospital bill of $14,680. Emily has no deductible. What amount did she pay?