Emissions reduction treaties between nations have been proposed as a key method with which to tackle climate change and its negative impacts. One such treaty is the Paris Agreement. Adopted by 197 nations in 2015, the deal aims to substantially reduce carbon emissions and to limit the global temperature increase in this century to 2 degrees Celsius.

Question: explain why are binding treaties to abate emissions between groups of nations are often difficult to achieve.

this may assist in answering:

Figure 1: Outcomes and payoffs for the climate strategy game. Developed Developed Abate No Change Abate No Change Emissions Developed countries reductions that free ride on Good Best developing Abate Abate successfully moderates climate countries emissions change reductions Good Worst Developing Developing Developing countries free Worst Bad ride on developed No emissions No Change No Change countries reductions emissions Best Bad reductions