Espana Corporation purchased $100,000 of Hales Inc. 6% bonds at par in 2020 and reported the bonds at amortized cost. Unfortunately, a combination of problems at Hales and in the debt market caused the fair value of the Hales investment to decline to $70,000 during 2021. When Espana applies the ECL model to account for its investment in 2021, Espana concludes that the credit risk on the investment has increased significantly and calculates that, of the $30,000 drop in fair value, $10,000 of it relates to 12-month credit losses, $25,000 to lifetime credit losses (including the 12-month credit losses), and $5,000 to other factors. Espanas accounting for this impairment will reduce before-tax net income for 2021 by:

Multiple Choice

• $0.

• $20,000.

• $25,000.

• $10,000.