Estimating Share Value Using the DCF Model Following are forecasts of Whole Foods sales, net operating profit after tax (NOPAT), and net operating assets (NOA) as of September 25, 2016. Reported Horizon Period $ millions 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Terminal Period Sales $15,724 $15,881 $16,199 $16,523 $16,853 $17,022 NOPAT 526 524 535 545 556 562 NOA 3,466 3,500 3,570 3,642 3,715 3,752 Answer the following requirements assuming a discount rate (WACC) of 6%, a terminal period growth rate of 1%, common shares outstanding of 318.3 million, and net nonoperating obligations (NNO) of $242 million. (a) Estimate the value of a share of Whole Foods' common stock using the discounted cash flow (DCF) model as of September 25, 2016. Rounding instructions: Round answers to the nearest whole number unless noted otherwise. Use your rounded answers for subsequent calculations. 2019 2020 Terminal Period 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Do not use negative signs with any of your answers. Reported Forecast Horizon ($ millions) 2016 2017 2018 Increase in NOA 0 0 FCFF (NOPAT - Increase in NOA) 0 0 Discount factor [1/(1+rw'] (Round 5 decimal places) 0 0 Present value of horizon FCFF 0 0 Cum present value of horizon FCFF $ 0 Present value of terminal FCFF 0 Total firm value 0 NNO 0 Firm equity value $ 0 Shares outstanding (millions) (Round one decimal place) Stock price per share $ 0 (Round two decimal places) (b) Whole Foods stock closed at $30.96 on November 18, 2016, the date the 10-K was filed with the SEC. How does your valuation estimate compare with this closing price? What do you believe are some reasons for the difference? Ostock prices are a function of many factors. It is impossible to speculate on the reasons for the difference. OOur stock price estimate is only a few cents lower than the Whole Foods market price, indicating that we believe that Whole Foods stock is accurately priced. OOur stock price estimate is lower than the Whole Foods market price, indicating that we believe that Whole Foods stock is overvalued. Stock prices are a function of expected NOPAT and NOA, as well as the WACC discount rate. Our lower stock price estimate might be due to more optimistic forecasts or a lower discount rate compared to other investors' and analysts' model assumptions. Our stock price estimate is lower than the Whole Foods market price, indicating that we believe that Whole Foods stock is undervalued. Stock prices are a function of expected NOPAT and NOA, as well as the WACC discount rate. Our lower stock price estimate might be due to more optimistic forecasts or a lower discount rate compared to other investors' and analysts' model assumptions