Ethicist W.D. Ross does NOT teach which one of the following:

1. Prima facie duties
2. Theory of obligation
3. Hedonic calculus
4. Moral Intuitionism

2. Aquinas explained some biblical examples of God appearing to order crimes in this way:

a. The absolute sovereignty of God over the entire Universe b. The cruelty of the Old Testament God as a tribal mascot c. God's authority to alter the meaning of key acts so that facts changed d. God's will to instruct people in the wisdom of flexibility in the face of adversity

3. Anthropologist Ruth Benedict analogizes behavioral norms to phonetic conventions, to support her argument that:

1. People use language to argue for ethical positions
2. Each society's moral conventions select from the fuller range of possible behavior
3. Phonetics and morals both are summarized in codes
4. Among all animal species only primates are known for their speech

4. Grotius' "Impious Hypothesis" anticipates Social Contract Thinking by

a. Implying the people are naturally selfish b. Condemning the slave trade c. Drawing a conclusion that was obvious to all d. Treating Society as the source of moral norms

5. Meta-ethics classifies moral theories, according to all but which of the following contrasting alternatives:

1. Logical or cogent
2. Naturalistic or nonnaturalistic
3. Cognitivist or noncognativist
4. Teleological or deontological

6. Monet's many paintings of the Cathedral at Rouen can be used as a metaphor for:

1. The architectonic character of ethical theory
2. The many-splendored faces of ethical courage
3. Perspectivism as an option in ethics
4. Aesthetics as a basic ethical good

7. Hobbes' asserted that the true value of a person is:

1. His or her good will
2. Her or his style of dress
3. What she or he inspires in others
4. What you must pay to get his or her support

8. Ayn Rand did NOT argue for which of the following:

1. Collectivism
2. Self-Interest
3. Individualism
4. Rejection of altruism

9. Mary Midgley rejects moral isolationism, because it:

1. Does not advance the principle of utility
2. Contradicts our moral experience
3. Violates the Categorical Imperative
4. Oversteps some of our most basic norms

10. Aquinas says that the Bible's moral teachings:

1. Frequently contradict rational moral norms
2. Must be substituted for fallen reason
3. Are largely supplemental to what reason already teaches
4. Show that Ethics are to be understood by Divine Command

11. The logical rule of modus ponens allows you to know that as long as you know that "if p occurs, then q will occur," then you know that once p has occurred, you can conclude that:

1. q will occur
2. q will not occur
3. p will not happen again
4. IF not q, then not P

12. The fallacy of the "Straw Man" argument occurs when one:

1. Makes a mindless reference to popular culture, as in The Wizard of Oz"
2. Takes a cheap shot at an opponent by laughing at them as if a "straw man"
3. Substitutes an easily refuted statement of the case for the actual facts
4. Lights a match to the opponent's efforts to set them a blaze

13. The theory of Ethical Egoism assumes that each person should:

1. Make other people know they are inferior, for its own sake
2. Enforce ethical rules against egoists to hold them in check
3. Stand for the highest standards and thereby deserve a strong ego
4. Act always to attain the greatest self-interest overall and in the long run.

14. The theory of Psychological Egoism postulates that:

1. Human beings necessarily in every case are motivated by self-interest
2. Human beings become egoistical because of psychological mistreatment
3. The fantasies of egoistic rewards are a psychological delusion
4. Twenty percent of the population are psychological egoists

15. Lazarus' statement that "the Ark of the Covenant bears its bearers" means:

1. A moral way of life promotes comfort and efficiency
2. Noah's Ark included pairs of different kinds of bears
3. The content of the Jewish tradition guides those who interpret it.
4. The Ten Commandments tolerate those who do their best to obey them.

16. Ethicists consider rhetoric:

1. Always offensive as an affront to logical validity
2. Beneficial where it merely adds persuasiveness to logic
3. Never to be blamed for the introduction of logical fallacies
4. Essentially a device for misleading mass audiences

17. Rule utilitarianism says there is an obligation to:

a. Follow rules of conduct b. Maximize overall pleasure c. Fulfill the Hedonic Calculus d. All the above

18. Hobbes believes that all ethical values are:

1. Expressions of moral intuitionism
2. Expressions of subjective relativism
3. Expressions of a desire for power
4. Expressions of the intrinsic value of state authority.

19. Which of the following does Not describe Aquinas's Natural Law ethics:

1. Integrative ethics
2. Participation in the Common Good
3. Virtue ethics
4. Ethical egoism

20. The Publicity Problem:

1. Arises with the breach of Kant's duty to keep secrets
2. Accompanies the damage to ethical norms from publicizing cultural relativism
3. Describes a paradox of Ethical Egoism
4. Follows from the breakdowns accompanying modern celebrity culture

21. Inductive reasoning is logically valid when

a. Its conclusions for justified by modus ponens b. Its conclusions are justified by modus tollens c. Its generalizations are warranted by a showing of adequate correlation d. Its major premise is followed by a minor premise

22. Which of the following is NOT a factor relevant to Bentham's quantifying of pleasure"

a. Purity b. Extension c. Intensity d. Rotundity

23. A Prime Facie Obligation is an obligation which:

1. May never be violated
2. May only be violated under the Hedonic Calculus
3. May be overridden by a more important duty
4. May be outweighed by consequences

24. John Stuart Mill did which of the following:

1. He rejected Utilitarianism
2. He fought in the Boer War
3. He adjusted Utilitarianism so that it recognized qualitative differences among pleasures
4. He adjusted Utilitarianism so that it promoted Divine Command theory, at some points