Exam 3 - Chapters 22 & 23 Japan Company produces lamps that require 3 standard hours per unit at a standard hourly rate of $20.00 per hour. Production of 3,600 units required 11,120 hours at an hourly rate of $19.60 per hour. What is the direct labor (a) rate variance, (b) time variance, and (c) total cost variance? Enter favorable variances as negative numbers. a. Direct labor rate variance b. Direct labor time variance c. Total direct labor cost variance