Exercise 2 - End-to-end Architecture of an I oT-enabled monitoring system. (40 marks) Your local council is interested in developing a smart city infrastructure to increase the quality of services provided to their residents and to optimise operational costs. The first application they look at is about smart bins. In particular, they are interested in fitting the bins with some kind of connected sensors that will be able to relay information to the data centre of their operation centre on whether garbage need to be collected or not. Based on this information, specialised algorithms will compute the optimal routes for the collection tracks on a daily basis (therefore tracks need to be tracked). You areaskedto provideaninitial reportoutlining the referencearchitectureof the system with afocuson the loT and backhaul communication networks. In particular, you need to suggest what sensing modalities could be usedto monitor the state of the bins (e.g. pressureultra sound IR, other), what networking technologies and protocol stacks you would employ, how these would lock with each other in providing end-to-end connectivity. In your report you need to provide a detailed and properly annotated reference architecture diagram and to consider/comment on aspects such as scalability (both in terms of area coverage and in terms of network density), efficiency, network resilience, etc. You may also refer to other aspects such as financial efficiency, security, data analytics, etc. The report should be 1000-1