Exercises and Problems REVIEW QUESTIONS 12. How and when did it after the origin of life 13. How do we know th Ny en atmosphere come from? How d 14. Summarize the hi today, and descri oxygen reach cu 15. What was the K to the demise scenario? Hov 16. Briefly discuss few of their 17. Discuss the planet, and 18. Describe se in trees ar 19. When die 20. Briefly human What are the three that to an early about when he arome. what are the implications of an early 2. How do studies of DNA sequences allow us to reconstruct the elutionary history of life? What living organisens appear to be most closely related to the common ancestor of all present life? 3. Based on current evidence, what locations on Earth seem likely for the origin of life? What locations can we rule out? 4. What was the Miller-Urey experiment, and how did it work? Why is its relevance now subject to scientific debate? How else might Earth have obtained the organic building blocks of life? 5. What do we mean by an "RNA world." and why do scientists suggest that such a world preceded the current "DNA world"? 6. Briefly summarize current ideas about the sequence of events through which life may have originated on Earth. What role(s) might clay or other inorganic materials have played? 7. Briefly discuss the possibility that life migrated to Earth. Also discuss the possibility that Earth life might have migrated to other worlds, and the implications of migration to the search for life elsewhere. 8. Why do we think that evolution would have proceeded rapidly at first, and what fossil evidence supports this conclusion? 9. Briefly discuss the early evolution of life, from the first organisms to the development of photosynthesis and oxygen production 10. How do we think that eukaryotes evolved? What time con- straints can we place on when eukaryotes first got cell nuclei? 11. What was the Cambrian explosion? Briefly discuss ideas about what might have caused it and why no similar event has hap- pened since. 21. What implic 22. Brief Ther ing of c TEST Would Each cove brie EXT you 240 Part II Life on Earth 10. How do we think that eukaryotes evolved? What time con- straints can we place on when eukaryotes first got cell nuclei? 11. What was the Cambrian explosion? Briefly discuss ideas about what might have caused it and why no similar event has hap- pened since. @ Up You thes I Chapter 5: Chain-type growth rate, GDP deflator, Consumer Price Index (CPI), and Inflation Price Year 1 Product Cereal Beef Doughnuts Cereal Beef Doughnuts Quantity 1,000 700 600 1,400 600 500 $1.00 $2.00 $0.50 $1.10 $2.50 Year 2 $0.75 A. If year 1 is the base year, what is the constant-dollar real growth rate from year I to year 2? B. If year 2 is the base year, what is the constant-dollar real growth rate from year 1 to year 2? C. If year 1 is the base year, what is the GDP deflator in year 2? D. If year 1 is the base year, what is the consumer price index (CPI) in year 2? E. If year 1 is the base year, what is the inflation rate between year 1 and 2? English (United States D Focus 27 w MacBook Air 80 ga DD . FS DU FB & FY VO $ A * # 3 4 5 6 & 7 8 9 0 E R T Y U 0 D F G I J L 148 SECTION The Role of Accounting as an Information System The 2021 balance sheet for Hallbrook Industries, Inc., is shown below. E3-16 Calculang ratios .LO3-8 HALLBROOK INDUSTRIES, INC. Balance Sheet December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands) Assets $ 200 150 200 350 1.000 $1,900 Cash Short-term investments Accounts receivable Inventory Property, plant, and equipment (net) Total assets Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Current liabilities Long-term liabilities Paid-in capital Retained earnings set Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 400 350 750 400 $1,900 The company's 2021 income statement reported the following amounts ($ in thousands): Net sales Interest expense Income tax expense Net income $4,600 40 100 160 Required: Determine the following ratios for 2021: 1. Current ratio 2. Acid-test ratio 3. Debt to equity ratio 4. Times interest earned ratio