Exhibit 4.1 The balance sheet and income statement shown below are for Koski Inc. Note that the firm has no amortization charges, it does not lease any assets, none of its debt must be retired during the next 5 years, and the notes payable will be rolled over. Balance Sheet (Millions of $) Assets Cash and securities Accounts receivable Inventories Total current assets Net plant and equipment Total assets Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable Accruals Notes payable Total current liabilities 2016 $2,145 8,970 12,480 $23,595 $15,405 $39,000 $7,410 4,290 5,460 $17,160 Long-term bonds Total liabilities Common stock Retained earnings Total common equity Total liabilities and equity $7,800 $24,960 $5,460 8,580 $14,040 $39,000 Retained earnings Total common equity Total liabilities and equity 8,580 $14,040 $39,000 Income Statement (Millions of $) Net sales Operating costs except depreciation Depreciation Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) Less interest Earnings before taxes (EBT) Taxes Net income 2016 $58,500 54,698 1,024 $2,779 829 $1,950 683 $1,268 Other data: Shares outstanding (millions) Common dividends (millions of $) Int rate on notes payable & L-T bonds Federal plus state income tax rate Year-end stock price 500.00 $443.63 6.25% 35% $30.42 Refer to Exhibit 4.1. What is the firm's ROE? Do not round your intermediate calculations. O a. 7.76% O b. 7.58% O C. 10.02% d. 7.49% O e. 9.03%