Expecting you are Engaged (Self-Insight 8.3), briefly describe Your Approach to Motivating Others (Self-Insight 8.2) to higher standards of Empowerment. Include several specific strategies and tactics. How are they applicable in these very challenging times? For example: racial justice, mental health in academia, and the crisis in Florida's higher education including potential jobs after graduation. Pick one. In essence ~ how to "stay the course."

See below (Self-Insight 8.3) (Self-Insight 8.2)

Leader's Self-Insight 8.2. Your Approach to Motivating Others Instructions: Think about situations in which you were in a formal or informal leadership role in a group or organization. Imagine using your personal approach as a leader, and answer the following questions. Indicate whether each item is Mostly False or Mostly True for you.

1. I ask the other person what rewards they value for high performance. mostly false 2. I find out if the person has the ability to do what needs to be done. mostly true 3. I explain exactly what needs to be done for the person I'm trying to motivate. mostly true 4. Before giving somebody a reward, I find out what would appeal to that person. mostly true 5. I negotiate what people will receive if they accomplish the goal. mostly false 6. I make sure people have the ability to achieve performance targets. mostly true 7. I give special recognition when others' work is very good. mostly true 8. I only reward people if their performance is up to standard. mostly true 9. I use a variety of rewards to reinforce exceptional performance. mostly false 10. I generously praise people who perform well. mostly true 11. I promptly commend others when they perform better-than-average job. mostly true 12. I publicly compliment others when they do outstanding work. mostly true Scoring and Interpretation These questions represent two related aspects of motivation theory. For the aspect of expectancy theory, sum the points for Mostly True to questions 1-6. For the aspect of reinforcement theory, sum the points for Mostly True for questions 7-12.

The scores for my approach to motivation are:

My use of expectancy theory: 5

My use of reinforcement theory: 5

These two scores represent how you see yourself applying the motivational concepts of expectancy and reinforcement in your own leadership style. Four or more points on expectancy theory means you motivate people by managing expectations. You understand how a person's effort leads to performance and make sure that high performance leads to valued rewards. Four or more points for reinforcement theory means that you try to modify people's behavior in a positive direction with frequent and prompt positive reinforcement. New managers often learn to use reinforcements first, and as they gain more experience they are able to apply expectancy theory.

Leader's Self-Insight 8.3. Are You Engaged? Instructions: Think about one of your favorite college courses that you enjoyed and in which you performed well. Answer the following questions for that favorite course. Then respond to the items in Part B for a course you did not enjoy and for which you probably performed poorly. Respond to the items in both Part A and Part B by indicating whether each item is Mostly True or Mostly False for you.

Part A (for a favorite course) 1. I made sure to study on a regular basis. Mostly false 2. I put forth a lot of effort. mostly true 3. I found ways to make the course material relevant to my life. mostly false 4. I found ways to make the course interesting to me. mostly true 5. I raised my hand in class. mostly false 6. I had fun in class. mostly true 7. I participated actively in small group discussions. mostly false 8. I helped fellow students. mostly true Part B (for a least-favorite course) 1. I made sure to study on a regular basis. mostly false 2. I put forth a lot of effort. mostly true 3. I found ways to make the course material relevant to my life. mostly false 4. I found ways to make the course interesting to me. Mostly true 5. I raised my hand in class. Mostly false 6. I had fun in class. Mostly false 7. I participated actively in small group discussions. mostly false 8. I helped fellow students. mostly true

Scoring and Interpretation For Part A give yourself 1 point for each Mostly True answer and zero points for each Mostly False. For Part B give yourself 1 point for each Mostly True and zero points for each Mostly False. Write the scores below:

Part A score: 4

Part B score: 3

The term "employee engagement" is very popular in the corporate world. Engagement means that people are highly involved in and express themselves through their work, going well beyond the minimum effort required to do their jobs. Engagement typically has a positive relationship with both personal satisfaction and performance. If this relationship was true for your classes, your score for your favorite course should be substantially higher than the score for your least favorite course. The challenge for you as a leader is to learn to engage subordinates in the same way your instructor in your favorite class was able to engage you.