Explain the concept of top$-$down analysis and its role in structured programming.

a$.$

Top$-$down analysis involves analyzing a problem from the highest$-$level perspective.

b$.$

Top$-$down analysis focuses on analyzing code line by line.

c$.$

Top$-$down analysis emphasizes code optimization and performance improvements.

d$.$

Top$-$down analysis involves breaking down a problem into smaller subproblems.