Extended care facilities are paid on a per diem basis, and they have an upward sloping supply curve. What will be the effect on supply or quantity supplied in each of the following cases:

1. a reduction in the real per diem rate paid to the extended care facility?
2. an increase in wages paid to the staff who work in the extended care facility?
3. a new cleaner that allows the extended care facility to hire fewer custodial staff?
4. a greater supply of home care services (a substitute for extended care facilities)?