F +2:55 12 3 15 8 8Dy 11% 4 A buelearning.hkbu.edu.hk 5. Which of the following concepts refers to communication between employees or leaders at * the same level, sometimes across organizational boundaries? Grapevine O Upward communication Lateral communication Downward communication Formal hierarchy 6. refers to any incompatibility an individual might perceive between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes. Cognitive dissonance Groupthink Emotional labor Machiavellianism Narcissism 7. Celia is a new employee. She works really hard but her colleagues are uncomfortable because she violates the productivity norms of the group. Other colleagues can be more productive but they pretend to work hard while limiting actual group outcomes. Groupthink Groupshift Collective efficacy O Social loafing In-group/out-group bias