Fairfield Office Supplies Inc. has a regional chain of office supply stores in the Midwest. Fairfield is trying to compete with the large nationwide office supply companies. It is January of $2024$ and Fairfield needs to make some capital budgeting decisions this year. They need to decide whether to replace their computerized inventory system or upgrade the old one, whether to purchase two stores from a sole proprietor or not, whether to keep, abandon or modernize one of the stores, which new copiers to purchases and a few other small projects. The company is under some pressure and has a strict capital budget of $$10$ million, so they need to be careful as to which projects they choose.

Examine the following book$-$value balance sheet for Fairfield Office supplies for the year $2023.$ What is the capital structure of the firm based on market values? The preferred stock currently sells for $$6\mathrm{.}90$ per share and the common stock for $$16\mathrm{.}00$ per share. The preferred stock pays a dividend of $$\mathrm{.}70$ per share, the Common Stock paid a dividend of $$1\mathrm{.}10$ last year, and the firm is expected to continue to grow at the same rate as the net income for the past five years, The rate on $90$ day treasuries is $1\mathrm{.}50\%,$ the beta of the stock is $1\mathrm{.}45,$ the market risk premium is $8\%,$ and the firm's tax rate is $40\%.$ The float costs are as follows: Debt: $10\%$ of par only for the amount borrowed under $$1\mathrm{.}1$ million $($after that it is $0\%),$ preferred: $$0\mathrm{.}6$ per share and Common: $$1\mathrm{.}75$ per share. The firm has paid out $30\%$ of its net income as dividend in the past five years and is expected to continue. If the company borrows over $$1\mathrm{.}1$ million then the cost of debt goes from $9\mathrm{.}0\%$ to $11\%($including flotation$)$ and if the company borrows over $$2\mathrm{.}2$ million the cost goes to $12\mathrm{.}95\%($including flotation$).$ Find the Marginal costs of capital for Fairfield. Fairfield tax rate is $40\%.($For Required return of retained earnings use an average of the DCF method and the CAPM method$).$

Book Value Balance Sheet for $12/31/23$

$($all values in millions$)$

Assets Liabilities and Net Worth

Cash and short$-$term securities $$1\mathrm{.}5$

Bonds, coupon $=9\mathrm{.}5\%,$ paid $$15\mathrm{.}0$

Annually $($maturity $=20$ years,

Current yield to maturity $=9\mathrm{.}0\%)$

Accounts Receivable $3\mathrm{.}0$

Preferred stock $($par value $$4\mathrm{.}54\mathrm{.}5$

Per share$)$

Inventories $6\mathrm{.}0$ Common Stock $($par value $$\mathrm{.}5)1\mathrm{.}50$

Plant and equipment $35$

Additional paid in stockholders' $6\mathrm{.}00$

Capital

Retained Earnings $18\mathrm{.}5$

Total $$45\mathrm{.}5$ Total $$45\mathrm{.}5$

Years $20232022202120202019$

Net Income

$($in millions$)$

$5\mathrm{.}114\mathrm{.}804\mathrm{.}404\mathrm{.}103\mathrm{.}90$