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The main reason for the development of Bengaluru is the local government's focus on technology and engineering. For instance, Karnataka was the first state to have an Information Technology Policy in 1997. This provided the support needed to develop the IT sector. Then, the Infosys headquarters and Texas Instruments in India moved to Bengaluru. This encouraged increasing numbers of IT companies to set up in Bengaluru and many thousands of jobs were created. Bengaluru is also recognized as an international city and was able to attract large numbers of skilled people to help meet the employment needs of the IT sector. The establishment of Bangalore Institute of Technology and the inclusion of the first computer science engineering program also helped to develop an IT culture in Bengaluru.

43 What is the most recent management of HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma)? What is radiofrequency ablation? What is its role in the management of HCC and its prognosis?

44 How do you differentiate haemorrhagic ascitic fluid due to malignancy and accidental rupture of blood vessel while withdrawing the fluid?

45 Is there any place for the medical treatment of gallstones with ursodeoxycholic acid?

46 In a case of common bile duct stones, where it is acknowledged that spontaneous passage within 24 hours is observed in approximately 50% of patients provided the stone is small, and that in these cases there is no need for a sphincterotomy, is the use of antispasmodics, e.g. Buscopan (active ingredient hyoscine-N-butylbromide), recommended? Surely Liver, biliary tract and pancreatic disease 7 53 these will reduce the pain and improve the chance of a spontaneous release of obstruction without surgical procedure?

47 What is sphincter of Oddi dysfunction?

48 I would like to know: what is the role of lysosomal hydrolases (cathepsin B) in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis?

49 What is the role of octreotide in management of acute pancreatitis?

50 Why does paralytic ileus occur in pancreatitis?

51 How sensitive is the increase in serum lipase levels in the case of acute pancreatitis?

52 What is the association between chronic pancreatitis and peripheral vascular disease (PVD)?

53 Please, can you explain to us the mechanism of pancreatitis in hypertriglyceridaemias?