\fAssignment 4: ANOVA and Chi Square (48 points) Directions: Researchers found using data from New York City that infants of Black, Hispanic, and Asian mothers had higher risks of low birth weight and premature birth as compared to white mothers (Borrell, Rodriguez-Alvarez, Savitz, & Baquero, 2016). We will examine if the same is true in the North Carolina birth data. For this project, we will use a recoded version of the North Carolina birth data set. The data set ncbirth1450recoded.xIs is just like ncbirth1450.xls, except race has been recoded into three categories. Unfortunately, due to sample size limitations, we are not able to separate Hispanic and Asian mothers. Both are included in the "Other" category. When doing this assignment, make sure you are working with the recoded data set! To receive full points, your assignment must meet the following criteria. Submit the assignment in an Excel document. Answer each question on a separate worksheet. The worksheets should be ordered in the following way (if you right click on the sheet name you have the option to move sheets): 1. #1 answer 2. #2 answer 3. #3 answer 4. #2 restructured data 5. ncbirth original data . Label each sheet as listed above **If the sheets are not in that order or you are missing the restructured data sheets, points will be taken off. Variable Label Description plurality Number of children born of the pregnancy sex Sex of child (1=Male, 2=Female) mage Age of mother (years) weeks Completed Weeks of Gestation (weeks) marital Marital status (1=married, 2=not married) racemom_r Recoded Race of Mother (1=Non-Hispanic white, 2=Non-Hispanic Black, 3=Other) hispmom Mother of Hispanic origin (C=Cuban, M=Mexican, N=Non-Hispanic, O=Other and Unknown Hispanic, P=Puerto Rican, S=Central/South American, U=Not Classifiable) gained Weight gained during pregnancy (pounds) smoke 0=mother did not smoke during pregnancy 1=mother did smoke during pregnancy drink 0=mother did not consume alcohol during pregnancy 1=mother did consume alcohol during pregnancy tounces Weight of child (ounces) tgrams Weight of child (grams) low O=infant was not low birth weight 1=infant was low birth weight premie 0=infant was not premature 1=infant was premature defined at 36 weeks or sooner 1. Test whether the mother's race (racemom_r) is independent of premature birth (premie) using the Chi Square Test. Use a=0.05. (16 points) a. Set-up the hypotheses (2 points). b. Give the correct test (1 point) C. Set-up the decision rule (2 points). d. Calculate the test statistic in Excel. You can just report the p-value (5 points). e. Give your conclusion. This must include: a comparison of the p-value to alpha or a comparison of the test statistic to the critical value (2points), 0 and an explanation of what this result means (4 points}. 2. Test whether there is a difference in the mean weight of the babies in ounces (tounces) by mothers race (racemom_r) using ANOVA. (16 points) a. Set-up the hypotheses (2 points). b. Give the correct test (1 point). c. Set-up the decision rule (2 points}. d. Calculate the test statistic using the data analysis toolpak in Excel (5 points). e. Give your conclusion. This must include: o a comparison of the p-value to alpha or a comparison of the test statistic to the critical value (2 points), 0 and an explanation of what this result means (4 points}. To do ANOVA, you need to rst sort your data by race. Then copy your one column of data and paste it into three columns one for each race. See below for a brief illustration. The tutorial on Blackboard also shows how to do this. 3. In the second assignment we looked at the relationship between smoking and low birth weight. We will now do a Chi Square test to see if the variables are independent. 1. Test to see if smoking during pregnancy (smoke) is independent of having a low birth weight infant (low) using the Chi Square Test. (16 points} a. Set-up the hypotheses (2 points). b. Give the correct test (1 point). c. Set-up the decision rule (2 points}. d. Calculate the test statistic using the data analysis toolpak in Excel (5 points). e. Give your conclusion. This must include: o a comparison of the p-value to alpha or a comparison of the test statistic to the critical value (2 points), 0 and an explanation ofwhat this result means (4 points}. References Borrell, L. N., Rodriguez-Alvarez, E., Savitz, D. A., & Baquero, M. C. (2016}. Parental race/ethnicity and adverse birth outcomes in New York City: 20002010. American Journal of Public Health, 106 : 1491-1497